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晋太宗宣武帝实录4

    陈牧:何为礼也,先生教我。

    萧凡:夫礼者,所以定亲疏、决嫌疑、别同异、明是非也。

    陈牧:先生试述之。

    萧凡:道德仁义,非礼不成,教训正俗,非礼不备,纷争辨讼,非礼不决,君臣上下,父子兄弟,非礼不定,宦学事师,非礼不亲,班朝治军,莅官行法,非礼,威严不行,祷祠祭祀,供给鬼神,非礼,不诚不庄,故圣人示人以礼。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣,然其于国乃何?

    萧凡:夫礼之于国,犹衡之于轻重也,绳墨之于曲直也,规矩之于方圆也,故衡诚悬,不可欺以轻重,绳墨诚陈,不可欺以曲直,规矩诚设,不可欺以方圆,君子审礼,不可诬以奸诈,故安国治民,莫善于礼也。

    陈牧:非先生之言,寡人不悟也。

    chenmu:Whatisthetruemeaningofetiquette,Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Etiquettecandistinguishbetweennearandfarrelatives,aswellasdistinguishbetweenrightandwrongandsuspicion。

    chenmu:Sir,pleaseelaborate。

    xiaofan:Moralbeneedwithoutetiquettetoregulate,Withoutetiquettenorms,theworldcannotbecivilized,Contradictionsanddisputescannotberesolvedwithoutetiquettenorms,Thereischaoswithoutetiquettebetweenfathersandsons,Learningfromateacherwithoutetiquettenormswillnotbeclose,Governingthecountryandthearmywithoutetiquettenormswillhavenomajesty,Sacrificestoancestorsandghostsandgodswouldbeinsincerewithoutetiquettenorms,Therefore,thesaintsusedliturgicalnormstoeducatetheworld。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings,Butwhatgoodisitforthecountry。

    xiaofan:Etiquetteisofgreatsignificancetothecountry,Itisequivalenttomeasuringtheweightofthescale,Itisequivalenttomeasuringcurvaturewitharuler,Itisequivalenttodrapass,Therefore,itisveryimportanttouseetiquettetostabilizethecountryandgovernthepeople。

    chenmu:Ifitwasn'tforSirteachingme,Iwouldn'thaveunderstood。

    陈牧:今西凉以平,寡人欲以先生为司徒,录尚书事,封平阳侯,先生以为如何?

    萧凡:臣以为,今齐、楚未平,戎车方驾,而始灭一国,即受三事之赏,若克殄二寇,将何以加之,且平西凉,乃郭况之功,非臣之力也。

    陈牧:先生之言甚善,然先生不受,寡人不安,请先生录尚书事,勉从王命。

    chenmu:NowtheWesternLiangKingdomhasbeenpacified,IwantsirtobethePrimeMinistertohandletheaffairsoftheStateCouncil,andgivesiraknighthood,Sirthoughtso。

    xiaofan:IthinktheStateofQi,theStateofChu,isstillthereandthewarhasjustbegun,NowIhavereceivedsuchagreatrewardfortakingoveracountry,IfIdefeattheStateofQiandtheStateofChuagain,howwillIberewarded?Besides,itwasthegeneralLiShengwhoannihilatedtheWesternLiangKingdom,notme。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iamdisturepttheappointment,Ihopeyoueptmyappointmenttohandlestatedepartmentaffairs。

    陈牧:今委卿以关东之任,以讨残梁,先生当如何处置,寡人愿闻其详。

    萧凡:臣以为,当先破居庸,平洛阳,拒虎牢,长驱汴梁,所谓“疾雷不及掩耳”。吾当亲督万众,星夜继发,舟车粮运,水陆俱进,大王勿以为忧也。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人当亲帅三军以为后继,同先生会猎中原。

    chenmu:IhaveappointedyouasthegovernorofKantoaffairstofightagainsttheLiangkingdom,Iwanttoknowwhatyourstrategyis。

    xiaofan:IthinkthattheJuyongFortressshouldbeconqueredbeforeattackingLuoyangCity,upythexingyangfortressandthenblitzthecityofBieliang,Imandthewholearmytosetoffinthestarrynight,Andgrainandgrassareparalleltolandandwater,Youdon'thavetoworryaboutit。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iwillleadtheremainingarmytosetofflater,AndhuntwithyouinthehinterlandofLiangguo。

    陈牧:夫礼,禁乱之所由生也,犹防止水之所自来也,故寡人颁《通礼》于天下,以厚风俗,不亦可乎?先生以为如何?

    萧凡:臣以为然也,朝觐之礼,所以明君臣之义也,聘问之礼,所以使诸侯相尊敬也。丧祭之礼,所以明臣子之恩也,乡饮酒之礼,所以明长幼之序也,婚姻之礼废,则夫妇之道苦,而淫僻之罪多矣,乡饮酒之礼废,则长幼之序失,而斗争之狱繁矣,丧祭之礼废,则臣子之恩薄,而背死忘生者众矣,聘觐之礼废,则君臣之位失,而背叛侵陵之败起矣。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

    chenmu:Etiquetteeliminatesthesourceofchaosfromtheroot,SoIpromulgateduniversaletiquetteintheworldforsocialharmony,No,itdoesn'twork,Sirthoughtso?

    xiaofan:Ithinksotoo,Theetiquetteoftributecanclarifythedistinctionbetweenkingsandministers,Theetiquetteoftheenvoysallowedthedukestorespecteachother,Funeralsallowministerstodeepentheirfeelingsfortheking,Theetiquetteofdrinkingaheorderoftheelderandtheyoung,Onthecontrary,theworldisinchaos。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:今梁地初定,刘斌恃功骄纵,邀求无厌,又以寿春久不下,潜有贰心,必为国患,寡人欲因势除之,先生以为如何?

    萧凡:臣以为,汝南之盟,不可负也,若其为难,罪由于斌,今事未有形而杀之,人必谓我王忌惮其功能,大王方收揽豪杰以隆大业,不可示人以狭,失天下之望也,藉彼有谋,大王以智防之,无能为也。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,所谓骄则速败,其焉能为患,彼有大功,杀之不义,先生之论何似郭嘉之言?开寡人心怀也!

    chenmu:NowLiangGuohasjustbeenpacified,GeneralLiuBinwasproudandindulgentbecauseofhismerits,Andaskedmeforalotofrewardsendlessly,BecauseShouchunCityhasnotbeencapturedforalongtime,Thereisariskthathewillbetrayme,He'sboundtobeahiddendangertothecountry,soIwanttotaketheopportunitytokillhim,Sirthoughtso?

    xiaofan:Idon'tthinkyoucanbreakthecovenantofRunan,Ifhebetraysthenthechargeishis,Nowkillhimwithoutthefactofbetrayal,Theworldwillthinkthatyouarejealousofthevirtuous,Youshouldrecruitheroestocreateagreatcause,Andyoucan'tbenarrow-minded,otherwiseyouwilldisappointtheworld,Evenifhewantstobetrayaslongasyouwatchoutinadvance,there'snothingtolose。

    chenmu:Sirisright,eleratefailuresohecan'tmakewaves,Hehadmerit,anditwasimmoraltokillhim,Sir'swisewordsuntiedtheknotinmyheart。

    陈牧:先生凯旋,寡人欲加先生大司马,以都督中外诸军事,先生以为如何?

    萧凡:臣今以元相之重,储傅之尊,端右事繁,司马任大,总督戎机,出纳帝命,今文武两寄,巨细并关,以伊、吕、萧、邓之贤,尚不能兼,何况臣哉?

    陈牧:寡人方混壹四海,非卿谁可委者?先生切莫推辞,前有刘备之于孔明,苻坚之于王猛,今有寡人之于先生,岂不快哉!

    chenmu:Sirtriumphantly,Iwouldliketoappointyouasgrandmarshalinchargeofallmilitaryaffairs,Sirthoughtso?

    xiaofan:Iamalreadyaveryhonorableprimeminister,andIhavealotofthingstodealwith,TheGrandMarshalisinchargeofthemilitarywithagreatresponsibility,Nowyouhaveaskedmetodealwithbothinternalaffairsandthemilitary,Evpetent,letaloneme?

    chenmu:I'mabouttocalmtheworld,noonebutsircandoit,Youdon'tprevaricate,ItrustyoujustlikeLiuBeibelievesinZhugeLiang,That'saveryhappything。